The Drug Enforcement Administration has issued a final rule that, effective April 27, places the following fentanyl-related substances, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act.
- N-(1-(2-fluorophenethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)propionamide (2'-fluoro ortho-fluorofentanyl; 2'-fluoro 2-fluorofentanyl)
- N-(1-(4-methylphenethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacetamide (4'-methyl acetyl fentanyl)
- N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,3-diphenylpropanamide (β'-phenyl fentanyl; beta'-Phenyl fentanyl; 3-phenylpropanoyl fentanyl)
- N-phenyl-N-(1-(2-phenylpropyl)piperidin-4-yl)propionamide (β-methyl fentanyl)
- N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide (ortho[1]fluorobutyryl fentanyl; 2-fluorobutyryl fentanyl)
- N-(2-methylphenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide (ortho[1]methyl acetylfentanyl; 2-methyl acetylfentanyl)
- 2-methoxy-N-(2-methylphenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide (ortho-methyl methoxyacetylfentanyl; 2-methyl methoxyacetyl fentanyl)
- N-(4-methylphenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)propionamide (para[1]methylfentanyl; 4-methylfentanyl)
- N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylbenzamide (phenyl fentanyl; benzoyl fentanyl)
- N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylthiophene-2-carboxamide (thiofuranyl fentanyl; 2-thiofuranyl fentanyl; thiophene fentanyl)
This rule makes permanent the administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions and regulatory controls applicable to schedule I substances on persons who import, export, manufacture, distribute, possess, engage in research on, or conduct instructional activities or chemical analysis of these substances, which include the following.
- any person who engages in the above activities with respect to these substances must be registered with the DEA to conduct such activities
- all importation and exportation of these substances must be in compliance with 21 USC 952, 953, 957, and 958 and in accordance with 21 CFR part 1312
- all labels and labeling for commercial containers of these substances must comply with the requirements of 21 CFR part 1302
- any activity involving these substances that is not authorized under the CSA or the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act is unlawful and potentially subject to criminal penalties
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